Features of special physical training of swimmers aged 13 -14 years specializing in breaststroke
Authors:
Yuliya A. Postolnik (1,*), Elizaveta S. Kumantsova (2), Artem M. Glazin (3)
1 Moscow City Pedagogical University Moscow, Russia ORCID: 0000-0003-4053-2784, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.*; 2 Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation Moscow, Russia ORCID: 0000-0003-0619-7986, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.; 3 Kuban State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism Moscow, Russia ORCID: 0009-0001-7005-0957, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract:
The scientific article presents an analysis of the anatomical characteristics of the movements of an athlete specializing in breaststroke swimming, based on this, a set of basic movements is presented that must be included in special preparatory exercises for a swimmer on land. Novelty of the research. Exercises with basic movements in the gym will be aimed at primarily developing those muscle groups that carry the main load during the swimming distance. Practical significance. The study showed that the athletes of the experimental group, who worked out in the gym with the inclusion of basic movements in special preparatory exercises, significantly outperformed the athletes of the control group. The complex will be useful for trainers and swimmers. Materials. This article presents data on the effectiveness of using basic movements in special preparatory exercises on land for breaststroke swimmers, which have positively resulted in improved athletic performance. Research methods analysis of literary sources relevant to the research topic; pedagogical observation; pedagogical experiment; methods of mathematical statistics. Results. The analogy of the obtained results of swimming fitness of the experimental and control groups of athletes specializing in breaststroke was confirmed by control results at distances of 55 m, 100 m, 200 m. breaststroke swimming, the athletes of the experimental group outperformed the athletes of the control group. Conclusion. Knowledge of the main muscle groups involved will ensure the swimmer's movements when swimming in one way or another, will allow athletes to choose exercises on land, taking into account the chosen swimming method, and selectively influence the development of the most important muscle groups.
Keywords:
athletes, breaststroke, swimming, special physical training, basic movements, muscle groups, exercises, training, swimming fitness