Algorithm for teaching swimming by sports methods on the basis of motor ontogenesis and becoming functional muscle bands for children and adults
Authors:
Anna A. Simagina (1,*), Margarita A. Ivanova (2), Igor S. Maryin (1), 1 Moscow pedagogical state University Moscow, Russia, ORCID: 0000-0002-0044-9794, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.*, ORCID: 0000-0002-4945-9280, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., 2 Medical Rehabilitation Center of JSC SC “MEDSI” Moscow, Russia
Abstract:
During initial swimming lessons, the student perceives water as an aggressive environment, which forms negative psycho-emotional states. Existing modern approaches to teaching sports swimming methods imply mechanical performance of exercises, which corresponds to classes in sports schools. However, this approach shows low efficiency, because coaches do not take into account the physical fitness and psycho-emotional state of the students, which negatively affects the speed of mastering complex motor skills used in the techniques of sports swimming. In this regard, this article presents the author's algorithm of teaching swimming sports methods on the basis of motor ontogenesis and the formation of functionality of muscle bands for children and adults. Scientific novelty. The algorithm of teaching swimming by sports methods on the basis of motor ontogenesis and the formation of muscle bands’ functionality for children and adults, which includes the sequential mastering of swimming skills in accordance with the formation of kinematics in the early stages of life on three planes, with an increase in the natural amplitude of movements in the joints according to motor development is developed and scientifically substantiated. Practical significance. The author's algorithm can be used by specialists during the training process with novice amateur swimmers engaged in commercial organizations of Moscow. Material. The study was conducted on the basis of three commercial organizations of Moscow: X-Fit fusion premium fitness club, East-West fitness club, aquacomplex Luzhniki (Moscow). The research methods were the results of: analysis of educational and methodical literature on the issues of teaching the technique of sports swimming methods, as well as scientific works of Czech neurologist Václav Vojta about early motor development; generalization of advanced pedagogical experience (including the authors' own experience) of training amateur swimmers in the system of recreational (mass) swimming; long-term pedagogical observations of the educational and training process for professional and labor activity of specialists of sports schools and committees; the results of the study. Result. As a result of the study, we developed an algorithm for teaching swimming by sport methods on the basis of motor ontogenesis and the formation of muscle tape functionality for children and adults. It involves the following sequence of mastering sport methods of swimming: position/movement in the cervical region and breathing (when activating the deep tape), position/balance and balance of the body, performance of swimming movements in the sagittal plane (performed by the anterior-posterior tape), performance of swimming movements in the frontal plane (performed by the anterior-posterior tape). Conclusion. Mastering swimming skills in this sequence allows to achieve more comfortable and effective technical swimming, to facilitate mastering in the aquatic environment and improve coordination of movements and body control at the first stages, to improve praxis and facilitate correction and correction of errors associated with muscle imbalances present in almost any modern person, as well as with the individual characteristics of the work of their ODA.
Keywords:
sport swimming training, aquatic environment, motor ontogenesis, functional muscle bands, amateur swimmers.